Sunday, November 29, 2015

Sir J C Bose-an inventor against all the odds..

Today is birthday of Sir J C Bose-inventor of millimeter wave and one of the pioneer of wireless transmission in 19th century.

He returned to India after successfully obtaining a Tripos in Natural science from University of Cambridge where Lord Raleigh was one of his teacher. What is extraordinary about his story is his determination to continue with scientific research in India when he had neither research grant, nor a lab nor his tight teaching schedule allowed him any time! He even didn't accept any salary for first three years in protest against British discrimination as Indian teachers in Presidency college were paid 40% less than their foreign counterpart.

Yet he succeeded to invent world's first millimeter wave transmitter and receiver in a 24 square foot make shift laboratory in Presidency college working late through night. He built his equipment from local carpenters. He had no research grant and he spent from his own pocket money.

He was very close to discover semiconductor diode as well since for receiver he was using a lead sulfide (Galena) detector and thus he was aware of behavior of semiconductor. However, since he was cut-off from rest of the radio research in USA and UK, he could not fathom merit of pursuing his work for large scale applications in radio which was becoming very important in military and communication in early 20th century.

Most importantly he set the trend of scientific research and education in India. Following him Calcutta University will excel in research in natural science during 1920-40 when Sir CV Raman, Satyen Bose, Meghnad Saha and SK Mitra would conduct their pioneering research in India. What is extra-ordinary about all of them, despite having no research grant or facility in colonial India, they simply defied all the odds to produce ground breaking innovations.

And what is amazing to me, despite having all kinds of grants and facilities in modern India, post independence scientists could not match their brilliance or achievement in international scale. They have proved, in scientific research inspiration is perhaps the single most factor for pioneering success.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagadish_Chandra_Bose

Sunday, December 12, 2010

IPTV R&D and operation shifting to India for gaining compettitive advantage


The Revolution in IPTV aspires to dawn a new age of entertainment by returning to the true spirit of what the entertainment industry originally stood for- Creativity and freedom of expression. Despite video or music on demand held promise for so long, it is only in last few years, IPTV has been able to beat the quality of DVD and Cable TV. Protection against piracy and superb quality acted as catalyst to exponential growth of IPTV Set Top Box industry. Even if US authority had cracked down on 83 pirate sites including the King Kong of forgery, Pirate Bay, entertainment industry is still bleeding heavily from the loss of revenue caused by the Torrent pirates. Source of piracy is always physical media like DVD and CD which will soon be history as DVD player will be replaced by IPTV Set Top Box in every home.

Despite introduced as early as 2006 by AT&T ( U Verse IPTV), IPTV emerged as the most viable alternative to DVD rues and escalating High Definition media ( Blue Ray) cost only with Roku Box-an IPTV box introduced by North America's largest movie retailer Netflix in 2008. While Roku forced the Netflix's rental competitor Hollywood Video and Block Bluster to bankruptcy- Google, Verizon and Amazon lost no time to launch their IPTV service in 2010-11. Currently, Netflix drives 1/4th of US audited traffic between 7-10 PM in any city and the movie watchers in IPTV are exponentially growing. And why not? Secured media delivery over Internet and that's too with a quality of Blue Ray is a dream come true story for both the viewers and the producers. So the IPTV is now movers and shakers in Hollywood-frenzy race is on among the distributors who can push their library faster than others to cash on to an emerging IPTV boom.

As much as it may sound a fascinating fairy tale of technological innovation, a savior of entertainment industry, the grim reality is otherwise for IPTV box and technology developers. IPTV is a lot more complex operation compared to Cable TV or any other format. It needs front end development in IPTV set-up box in addition to developing video hosting platform in
Content Delivery Network (CDN). If the providers decide to go with ready made platform like Brightcove etc. without developing their own, operational bandwidth cost can not be justified or sustained. Therefore the total integrated development cost may vary between $240k-$500k for successful launch of an IPTV platform. Moreover, mobile IPTV, Satellite IPTV and hybrid IPTV are emerging as new horizon for cashing on the existing contents which will add to additional R&D development cost. Besides, video encoding cost is also escalating and full automated encoding does not guarantee excellent quality. So despite the existence of full IEEE standard for IPTV like ( HomePNA 3.0 G.9954 ), cost of IPTV development is remaining a major issue.




When a single movie can gross between $100-200M, one may wonder, why such sub-million development cost is a significant impediment to IPTV growth? Well reality is, in video-on-demand (VOD) market only model that works is subscription and no IPTV provider has been able to charge more than $10 per month learning from their past failures. Even the largest IPTV provider like Roku has only 1.5 million subscribers. On the top, producers get their fat cut anything between 50-70%. So after paying the producers and developers, the distributors are finding it hard to extract any margin whatsoever.

Therefore, IPTV development is now heading offshore in India. Also, since development cost has to be contained tightly between $50-250k, software giants like Infosys, TCS and Wipro didn't develop much expertise in IPTV since the prospect does not commensurate with their size. On the other hand, medium sized companies like R-System Inc ( Head Quarter in Folsom, CA and development center in Delhi- A BSE listed public company) are much better poised for IPTV development and subsequent operational support from India. They are already supporting IPTV customers all over the globe both technologically and operationally cutting down the IPTV Capex by 60% and Opex by nearly 70%. R System is highly focused on IPTV and they offer development service for all the phases and all the verticals including Mobile IPTV, Satellite IPTV, Hybrid IPTV etc. offering both vertical expertise and cost saving. Rekhi Singh, CEO of R Systems further asserted:

The Digital Media space that covers solutions such as IPTV and Mobility is one of the fastest growing segments in the market today with the mobile video industry in the US alone expected to grow to $16B by 2014. We have been proactively pursuing this space since 2002 when we implemented one of the first online Digital Music services. Since then we have assisted one of the market leaders in the IPTV space to enhance and modify their product with several advanced IPTV centric features such as Video on Demand (VOD), Interactive polling. Similarly we have been ahead of the curve in the mobility space in areas such as Wi Max, Android and IOS development. With over 400 person years of experience in this space we are uniquely positioned to partner and assist our customers navigate through a very complex, overcrowded and rapidly evolving marketplace. This makes us unique in this space with few other vendors able to bring this kind of holistic expertise that has been developed though years of proactive investments


How the technology would evolve in IPTV market remains to be seen, but surely India has already emerged as the most favored back office for IPTV development and support.

Tuesday, January 12, 2010

Citizen journalism/Analysis for Indian Politics


Days of mainstream media are over. We are at the dawn of social media when the readers will be the newsmakers and writers. Gone are the days when Hindu or Times of India would be able to suppress any news which is not conducive to their sponsors. Big corporate house and vested political interest can not dominate opinion of the people any more . Voice of people is now free and can be heard in every social networking forum.

However, the story is not complete yet. Source of our discussion in any social networking forum is still the news published by mainstream media. So mainstream media holds a lot of influence on our opinion. To break this, we need citizen journalism. That is, if we find price is roaring, politicians are corrupt, tell your story with some photos taken in your mobile phone. Nothing more and nothing less. You create news. CNN-Ireport and Fox-U report are already a great success in America. NDTV also started this in India-but in India, we are still dominated by mainstream journalists and established newspapers.

I did citizen journalism for CNN-Ireport mostly for environment and then I was convinced
we need it in India too. Yes, citizen news in India are coming in twitter, facebook and orkuts-
but we need to organize that in a more news-site like fashion so such such news is easily accessible.

That's why I thought of Politicoindia [www.politicoindia.com] which has been designed as a complete social media-for citizen journalists and all the political writers. After registration, everybody can upload or link their news,blogs, video, radio here. There will be no censorship except on pornography and abuse. You have a complete searchable database for news published for any archive purpose.

These are the reasons why you should write or link your news/article blogs here:
[1] There is no censorship on any ideology
[2] we accommodate all rational and truthful write up
[3] You can connect video and radio news directly
[4] comment section is better designed than rediff
[5] You just can link the URL of your blog if so wished
[6] we have a more than 50,000 visitors a day hit
[7] Your news will be mainstream news on the top

The whole project is maintained by Democratic India Forum Inc, Maryland-a non-profit organization dedicated for the practice of democratic values and norm.

Social media is a new step to democracy-let jump into its bandwagon.

Sunday, December 13, 2009

Mobile Media and Revolution of Indian Rural Society

According to UNESCO, fostering the development of the media sector and achieving free, pluralistic, and independent media are pivotal in any country for development in general. Among other conditions, there has to be a good mix of public, private, and community media, and a professional capacity that includes use of digital technologies.

Considering Indian context, only digital device available to Indian rural community is mobile handset. While now 500 million Indians, nearly half of the population is using mobile phone, its use has been restricted only for voice communication or SMS for 95% of the users.

But for the most of the technology visionaries, mobile phone is an amazing device for future. It is your TV, video phone, Internet, personal computer and credit card all merged into one single device. Revolution in mobile data technology by Iphone, Storm or Androids revealed virtually all the informatics need of the modern society can be punched into a single mobile handset.

Now keep that perspective for rural India. Almost a century and half back, Swami Vivekananda realized heart of India lives in the villages and it is there, people are suffering primarily because they are off the grid from advancement made by urban India. Among many maladies that are holding rural Indians to catapult into 21st century, one of the most important one is the availability of the market. For rural peasantry, local rural market is the only market he has access for selling his product. Nobody except a few local merchants know about his produce which might be one of the best quality in the world.

LokMangal rural media is going to transform that despair of the rural producers. Now they will have means to expand their market to whole India. Their firm produce, irrespective of the quantities, will be known to the rest of the world! It may sound like a fiction but reality of innovation has always proven to be more exciting and promising to the people.

Monday, November 30, 2009

Ideas for the future

Security Systems:
National security is broadly understood as nation's preparedness against threat to subversive terrorism in all the forms-mass killing by suicide bombing to the infiltration of fake currency. If one can compare the number of terrorist cells busted by FBI as opposed to frequent acts of terrorism that blitzed India since 9/11, one will be able to appreciate the security system developed by homeland security to thwart terrorist attack well in advance. It was a success of information assimilation , filtration and artificial intelligence.

Since the time of Chanakya, information gathering has been regarded as key to national security. With the advent of modern telecommunication systems, when 500 millions people in India are talking to each other with couple of billions of phone calls in each day, identifying a handful of suspicious voice in real time among the billions of phone calls can make huge difference in a nation's preparedness against the enemy. No matter how simple it may sound, even to achieve such success requires several layers of complexity in wide area network, data streaming and data filtration each of which demands manifold research and development according to local and customized requirements.

Sensor integration for better urban life:
Among the top 20 polluted cities of the world, Indian and China are home to 9 of them. Exponential growth of population in the cities and with a limited resource to spare, these two rising giants have been suffering on all the accounts of urban development-from traffic congestion to inorganic contamination in the water. European cities have successfully controlled city pollution by wide area sensor network-that is for air, water and traffic, multiple sensors strategically located at the different part of the cities can bring feed and polluting information in a central location through mobile network. This enables environmental monitoring of the cities in the most effective way so that the municipality can take focused steps to reduce pollution levels. However to design such a sensor network is more of an art customized to a city's requirement and geography than a mere integration job.

Wide Area Video Surveillance:
In these days, local area video surveillance is no brainier. However to monitor the terrorists or a catastrophic event where feeds from traffic camera, local surveillance and satellite images need to be integrated and to be fed to various federal Government agencies on need to know basis , a cobweb of high data rate video feeds originating from thousands of kilometer remote location need to be accomodated to a single server and then distribute to different Government servers. This involves marriages of complex technologies like fiber optics network, Wi Max , human face auto-recognition by the remote camera and many more! Such system would enable much better response from Government agencies during emergency of terrorist attack or a national disaster like earth quake or cyclone as they would be able to allocate resources more appropriately.

Tourism Marketing and Monitoring System
Tourism is a major source of revenue for any country. These days, all the international tourists look for information in the Internet before deciding their vacations. Several thousands of websites exist to offer information to the tourists in the form of blogs, forum and wiki. Despite the existence of volumes of information, in the underdeveloped countries, very often tourists get touted by the local fraudsters since all the information are not readily available to the tourists on the spot. A mobile application that allow any tourist to access information on need to know basis could change this situation for ever since a tourist can verify any price offering immediately using mobile phones.

Improving the safety in the Railway systems:
Despite deployment of various safety measures, train accidents do happen all over the world. In the developing nations like India, it does happen more frequently because of dilapidated track condition, manual signaling and lack of proper maintenance. However with the advent of various sensor and video technologies and existence of fiber optical link along the railway track, effective video and sensor surveillance can be developed to identify weak condition of the track and hazardous situation arising out of flawed signalling. Overall, remote monitoring and automatic fault detection in the track can reduce the frequency of the accidents in the Railway to a great extent.

Saturday, November 7, 2009

Is there any future for Socialism and Communism?


(1)
At the onset of the present global recession, socialist blogs flooded over cyberspace hoping the best for the end of evil empire of capitalism. Anybody familiar with the writings of Marx and Engels, may find the situation hopelessly ironic since such cycles of recession tossed the economy upside down even then in the 19th century pretty much in the same manner and due to same maladies of capitalism. Nevertheless, every time capitalism managed to float by new innovations and auto-adjustment of market. Question that Marxist theoreticians always asked themselves, how long Capitalism can manage to roll out from this seemingly endless cycles of boom and recession? Can it fail? Remember the case of Iceland-a tiny Island nation in Europe
that transformed into the most prosperous nation in last two decades following the roller coaster of free market only to fail completely in 2008 when market fell flat on their face! We have not seen that kind of catastrophic failure of market in other countries but nevertheless, miseries brought to the people by these recession cycles at least forced us to think whether or not we should seek alternative form of political system to alleviate the level of suffering.

Incidentally the empirical model of any such analysis and speculation to the future is difficult. Reason is simple. Political system in any democratic nation always followed mixed economy of socialism and free market structure. Just to cite a practical example, today I got vaccinated against Swine flu virus from a Govt. established clinic in Baltimore. Demand for Swine flu vaccine is very high and at near fanatic level in our area considering almost 20 deaths reported last month in the state of Maryland. Given such high volume of demand all over the countries, champion of free market would have advocated vaccination through private clinics and vaccine production left to the hand of the pharmaceuticals to ensure success of vaccination. But supreme advocate of free marketers of the world could not rely on free market in this critical matter of public health. Instead US Govt. produced the vaccine on mass scale and distributed for free to the people barring business of any private clinic and pharmaceuticals to profit from the situation.

Why did the advocate of free market lose faith on market on this matter and adopted to socialist practice for vaccination? Reason is simple. Market could have created a huge artificial demand by intentional short supply that would have triggered a massive public outrage among poor Americans who are not covered by any insurance. Even the champions of the free market know very well where to stop with the wheel of capitalism and adopt to socialist practice. I can clearly envision even in coming years US education and health care system would be adopting to more socialist reform or else even those who profit from this sector would be losing money.

Therefore , why not we ask for more socialist reforms even in other spheres of industries such as housing and consumer technology? Trouble starts with the history. Every consumer technology of 20th century whether it is automobile or electric bulb or Internet,has been invented in the USA on the spinning wheel of capitalism. Market is the only force that stimulates meaningful invention for the people. Soviet Union did great in military technology but when it came to innovation for people that makes our life more comfortable, socialist system was a complete failure-they could not discover anything in the field of medicine that is worth mentioning.
Besides atrocities and domicides of the communist regimes with subsequent reduction of human beings to the level of animals defused any enthusiasm one can have for Leninist style of communism. Therefore, although in USA and in Europe socialist reforms are being adopted after the global recession, at no point of time anybody in the sane frame of mind had advised Leninism as possible solution.

(2)
After the death of Leninism, it is more worthwhile to think in what alternative form the society would evolve to more socialist and then to communist society. By communism or socialism, I am not definitely indicating autocratic party rule which is nothing but red fascism which we have experienced throughout the failed experiments with Leninism from Moscow to Kolkata. We would rather concentrate on the basic definition of socialism and communism and try to understand whether that structure can still evolve.

An evolution of such structure does not need any bloody revolution that Maoists are seeking in India. Indeed, we even do not need any socialist party or socialist thinker or mass processions to bring socialism. All we need is true democracy and the evolution guaranteed in the political system of democracy. Any political movement to achieve socialism is indeed counterproductive to the emergence of structure of socialism. Such misadventure would actually decelerate the evolution towards socialism. And since my comments are against the known parochial thought process of socialist thinkers, ( except Karl Marx who indeed supported free trade exactly for the same reason I stated above) I need to explain why and how socialism and communism would be final structure of the human society. Certainly it is not the way Lenin or Bernstein envisioned but it definitely follows closely with the way originally Marx propounded. It will not be through any revolution of working class but by the gradual changes of the society due to technological revolution.

(3)

Biggest drawback of Marxism is rooted in its complete exclusion of reproductive fitness as the key driver of the society and the people. Marx was oblivious to Darwinian Historical Materialism ( the subject emerged only in last two decades in Social Science) which can explain the emergence of structure or self organization of our society in more details than Marxism. It's simple. Survival of our genetics or genetic group is key to our evolutionary process. Political systems also go through same selection and deletion process as biological beings are also subjected to, in the process of evolution. Like the way species are not born all of a sudden and in one sunny morning, political systems ( more correctly self-organization of the society) are also result of gradual evolution rather than revolution. They are selected because they adopt to environment better or in more academic term, they render more reproductive fitness to the society.

Then it is easy to see why market scored big victory over premature socialist ideals like Leninsm. It is squarely by its force of production. Force of production precedes the ideals of equality and political right as the former is directly linked with better survival and later become important when production does not reach to marginal section of the people because of uneven distribution. But if there is acute shortage of production, equal distribution does not help in reproductive fitness but the uneven distribution does, because at least a section of the society survives better for next generation instead of whole society suffers collectively as it is the case with North Korea. Therefore precondition for emergence of socialist structure is the existence of advanced production system and not the lack of it.

Market even ensures better distribution if competition is encouraged and ensured against monopolistic trade practice. Therefore we see complete eradication of poverty in Japan and in many advanced countries where as in so called communist states like North Korea or Cuba, the whole country is suffering from acute poverty despite equality has been achieved! Market needs buying power of the customers and therefore eradication of poverty is integral part of the market force even if it widens the dispersion of the wealth. Actually uneven dispersion of the wealth is also a cause of concern for the market because that would force more product differentiation which is against the spirit of high volume production to increase the profit margin. Eradication of poverty by forcing socialism failed everywhere including in China. Only market did it in Japan, North America, Western Europe and even in China. Therefore, the force of market is the only known system to eliminate the poverty. However whether the market will be a free market or a regulated market is a different question. But that is the only solution which has worked for elimination of poverty. There is no other choice. Hugo Chavez created myth of new-socialism but as the gasoline price slacked off, it becomes evidently clear his policies prevailed due to high crude price. With shrinking crude price, Venezuela's GDP is withering to negative growth with worst FDI performance. Throughout the communist regime acute poverty and famine existed in Soviet Union.

Therefore, we must ask ourselves this question first-why, when and how then the socialist structure can emerge superseding the market force when socialism is not even useful for extirpation of poverty? Well, that's the point. We should not attempt for socialism for the sake of poverty. It's wrong approach. Poverty must be eliminated by the force of market economy as market force guarantees both production and distribution if the Govt regulations are properly imposed. Then at what stage and for what reason socialism will score over market?

(4)

To answer the last question, we have to look deeply into 1) process of innovation 2) structure of market economy. We have 6B population-and we can not feed them with sustainable agriculture. There is absolutely no way, these 6B population can live without causing serious damage to our environment. Truth is-we already did great damage to the environment enough for the extinction of our future generation. And technological solution for sustaining such a large population is challenging and far more complex than ever. The sheer magnitude of impending energy crisis is just enough to engage entire scientist force in the planet. Where the investment for R&D in alternative energy, alternative public transport system, alternative agriculture and environment will come from? To secure our next generation or just to save them from extinction, we are talking about an investment in research amounting to more than 30 trillions of dollar-30 times the GDP of USA! This is beyond the capability of any market. Except for China, no other country is even remotely ready to take the challenge of future effectively. The need is immediate but we do not have enough trained man power or investment! Ground water is depleting very fast in India. Sooner or later, watering in agriculture will soar to such a high cost ( which is already happening) , food crisis or extreme high price of the food will soon create food riot. This is just one of the many such critical crisis that we are heading into next couple of decades without having technological solution.

Market economy is well positioned to risk an R&D investment of couple of billions of dollars spanning may be a maximum of five to ten years. Beyond this visibility, market can not risk any investment into R&D. But we need R&D in the range of trillions of dollars spanning more than two to three decades to make further technological progress or else we will be risking violent and unsustainable future. So how would this pressurize a socialist evolution?

The irreversible process has already started. Forget about market. Even economically the most powerful country in the world, US does not have enough resource for this. Therefore, research alliance comprising of various countries and MNCs are already forming. This is just the beginning. Complexity of research and compulsion of survival would force all the countries to work together in every field-agriculture, environment, transport, telecommunication and any significant field. And the innovation will be shared with the whole mankind. This will be the true beginning of internationalism. It will not come through solidarity of the labor movement but through the collaboration among the engineers and scientists of all the countries to solve the critical problems of the mankind to save us from the extinction.

Then what's about people's ownership of production? It is also simple correlation. These massive R&D effort will give rise to new mode of production that has to be owned by international organizations represented by all the participating countries. Since the R&D will be collectively owned by the people, production following it will also be owned by the public. It does not mean the end of private ownership immediately but in a later time, when these research efforts will produce excess for the mankind, even that is a good possibility. If we have excess of food, security for very high quality education and housing, the very purpose of private property will be fading away which is a kind of security we build for our next generation and for ourselves .
Therefore this new international mode of production will demand following
1) Collaboration of all the countries in the world and sharing of innovations for all. Market has already touched its limit for innovation.
2) Because R&D will be owned by public, production will also be owned by public
3) International standards and alliance have to be maintained leading to massive and ultimate globalization .

(5)
I am not a speculator. Even Marxist speculations failed. But we need to feel the pulse of change brought to us by technological revolution. Feel for a more democratic world brought to you by social networking websites.
Being in cutting edge R&D, I can feel, how it is becoming extremely complicated to innovate within limited resources of corporate structure. Situation right now is following-we know how to do it- we can see a better technology but we do not have resources because it is not viable investment in market economics. This limitation of market is already breaking down corporate owned research in many areas. Therefore a changed mode of production is imminent.

I am hopeful to see this evolution in my lifetime. However, I have to mention again that socialist movements will impede this transformation into socialism no matter how ironic that may sound.

Saturday, October 24, 2009

Travel from New York to Delhi in one hour!


While I may be upset if my office desktop operates at 256MHz and 512MB RAM which was state of the art in 2001 or I relocate to a place where I have access to only 256 kbps Internet speed, for last three decades, we have no choice but to be contended with the speed of traveling which didn't improve at all. Time to reach Paris from New York can not be any better because chemical jet propulsion technology can not deliver any further improvement in air travel speed. Thus, we are left with a peak speed of around thousand miles per hour in air travel which has been stagnated for almost last three decades.


If we scrutinize what held us back to increase the speed of the Jets further, it is definitely air drag or friction from the air. Air resistance increases exponentially as speed of the Jet shoots up. Therefore, in the free space, where air density is .000000000000000001% of the Earth, rockets still can move as fast as 25,000 miles per hour. Thus, need of the hour is to discover a transport system that would move in vacuum to get rid of air drag which primarily limit the speed of transport either in Jet plane or Bullet train.
An inventor from Southern California Yon Friedmann solved this problem for which he has been granted US patent #7,114,882 ( Details of the patent is available here)
Basically he has extremely simple idea which would invite further Engineering challenges but in principle, we are already at the state of the art for most parts of this new technology which he calls as Aqua Terra transport system. In short, it is a tunnel train that employs two basic technology-magnetic levitation to float the train in air and then the whole tunnel is depressurized or reduced to vacuum which is close to free space condition. When these two technologies are combined, a bullet train can move as fast as 14,000 miles per hour. At present highest speed of bullet train that runs on magnetic levitation is limited to 500 miles per hour due to air drag.



Yon Friedmann-the inventor
I was talking to Yon on his invention and he was kind enough to answer my questions to provide more details on his innovation.
Text of interview is presented to the readers:

Biplab : Can you imagine you are traveling from New York to Delhi in two hours? Does it sound like a fiction? Not really. Yon Friedmann, an MBA, former banker, investment banker, teacher, entrepreneur, and innovator from Southern California recently got a patent approved for a planetary transportation system invention that would enable us to travel at 14,000 mile/hour. This system is apparently to be housed in the oceans, connected to land and extended across our entire planet as one completely self contained system.

Today we are fortunate to have Yon as our guest in our FOSAAC Radio Buzz program.

So Yon, please tell us about your revolutionary concept of the Aqua-Terra planetary transport system that would establish twelve oceanic-based Aqua Stations that would connect to each other by a tube link network that floats below the surface of the water and also connects to continental land masses and thus, will form a complete and hyper-speed planetary transportation system for all of our use.

Yon: I would first like to thank you and your audience for the opportunity to present and discuss this oceanic and land-connected aqua-terra planetary transport system which will also serve as an international economic prosperity program.
If those listening have Internet access, please view the patented web site at www.invention.net/aquaterra so that you may view the physical concept simultaneously with this broadcast.
In response to your question, the Aqua-Terra planetary transport system is basically a hybrid transport system combining two applications.
First, a vacuum system like those found in some bank buildings and other like places where one puts the cylinder container into the vacuum tube system and it is sucked-up and sent to another location within the bank or facility. I’m sure many of you know what I am talking about.
The second aspect of this transport system is the electromagnetic element much like the ones used by meg-lift trains that are located in different regions of our world. The idea being, creating an electromagnetic field to levitate an object like a train off a rail-track and therefore, there is no direct contact / friction from a track and wheel contact, thus, allowing the object or train to move at greater speeds.
However, do realize that unlike the Aqua-Terra system, the current meg-lift train systems, for example, still experience friction from the air, wind and other possible climactic issues that cause friction, risk and possible damage to the present physical system. The Aqua-Terra system is self contained in its own environment and is not subject to climate changes.
This hybrid transportation system will allow us to transport, via a cylinder container or capsule, cargo and later passengers within the tube-link network at great speeds, reaching several thousand miles per hour.
Do realize that we as human beings have already and continue to travel at this great velocity with our space shuttle program, as one example, traveling at 17,000+/- mph. Thus, we are already somewhat experienced in this hyper speed arena.
The Aqua-Terra transport system is basically taking the outer space environment (a vacuum), adding a levitation principle (electro-magnetic) to create an arena whereby a container/capsule can travel within this confined tube-link arena at these very high speeds allowing us the potential of going around the entire world in two hours at 13,000 mph.

Biplab: These Aqua stations which will float in the sea and for which you have a patent - will it be facing what engineering challenges? Why Islands are not being used as junction station? Why do you want to build these mini cities over ocean?

Yon: It is true that the engineering for this project is no simple matter however there is nothing that cannot be solved by our global scientific community, many of which will be working and solving many issues facing this undertaking. Do realize that the United States put a man on the moon within nine years from ground zero with no previous experience.
This Aqua-Terra project is no different accept it will effect not only the United States but many if not all nations that choose to participate. We are seeking participation from any and all persons or enterprises having interest in participating in the engineering aspect of this project and welcome all submissions.

In response to your question about the city stations known as the Aqua Stations to be used as junction stations, I would say that this would not work because it would remain dependent on the current inefficient and environmentally damaging oceanic shipping system that currently handle 80% of the world’s trade. Also, this aqua-terra system is to remain free from any single governmental authority since it will operate as a public company in international waters.
The Aqua-Terra planetary transport system utilizes a one system idea that is completely self contained and efficient producing all things to sustain life and provide an arena for a hyper speed transport system to accommodate global trade and economic prosperity at an accelerated speed.

Biplab : How will the project be financed? Did you contact the Government? How the general investors can invest into your company? Is it on private memorandum? Are you thinking of a public-private venture?

Yon: The financing for this project is also somewhat unusual primarily because of the size of this undertaking being $1.2 Trillion. Currently we are considering the usual financing process of first a PPM to be followed by an IPO and finally a debt/bond issue covering the actual cost of building the entire system.
The amounts needed for each step has not yet been finally determined however, the largest portion for the actual construction of these Aqua and Terra stations ($1.1 Trillion) will be raised from the private and public sectors using a long term convertible Government Guarantee Bond (GGB) issue program, for example, whereby all nations of the world will be invited to participate, first by way of an international summit or invitational presentation to the UN.
Both of these options are still to be organized and are intended to be discussed in more detail at that time. Ultimately, each will be asked to provide their Nation’s guarantee on the GGB debt issue instrument that will be backed by insurance and all of the assets of Aqua-Terra Planetary Holdings.
In this way, the government guarantees are merely a formality but necessary element in securing funding from the international investment community and are likely not to be called on based on the securities backing these Bonds and likely conversion by bond holders into common stock at some point in the future.
If bonds are not converted, then there shall be more than sufficient cash flow from the cargo and passenger transport business to cover repayment of this debt if and when necessary.
In return for their proportional guarantees, each participating nation will receive various dividends from the transport system’s operation and profits as realized above and beyond the mass employment vehicle created for their citizens. More on this idea is found at the project www.invention.net/aqauterra web site whereby a portion of equity interest is assigned to participating nations.

In response to the question regarding any governmental involvement, the answer is not yet. This radio program today is the first time that this project is being exposed and broadcasted on a mass scale. The idea being to have as many persons and nations hear this information so that mass consciousness may be attained. Back in 1983 when the idea first came to mind, it was presented too many nations through their counsel general offices in Los Angeles, CA to determine if there was an interest for such an idea and if it had any potential.
The responses were overwhelmingly positive and some provided letters to that effect. However, in 1983, the technology, money and myself were not ready to undertake this project, so knowingly, I knew I would have to wait for nearly twenty years to complete my educational credentials and then rekindle this idea, which occurred in the year 2000 AD, and this time, was to be patented, which was accomplished and attained in 2006.
For now, it is important that all listening to this program or reading this text today contact their government leaders to review this project idea and contact us through FOSAAC to establish an indication of interest. This project cannot be done without the cooperation and participation of all nations.
The end result will greatly benefit all participating nations not only by providing mass employment for their people not only for the near term, but for hundreds if not one thousand years thereafter.
Additionally, all participating nation’s people will be educated and trained in areas necessary to construct and operate the Aqua and Terra stations. All nations will also share in the financial gains from the transport business that is realized from this undertaking and because of their support.
The financing and participation of individuals and institutional investors may be through a PPM, IPO, or possibly through a private format. Having said this, we are eager to receive indications of interest to determine the best approach to take based on responses and then we will contact all those who have indicated an interest to participate.
Please understand that no promises or guarantees are implied by this financing program because risk always exists in all aspects of life as is the case with this or any project. However, Aqua-Terra management will take all steps necessary to assure transparency of operations and security to investors and all stakeholders. So the answer to the question is yes, financing will be attained from the private and public sectors in addition to involvement of nations, primarily because of the size and magnitude of this project.

Biplab: What is the time line you are looking at for a working prototype of Aqua-station?
Yon: The time-line for establishing this oceanic to land transport system is between twelve and eighteen years, depending on the level of participation and cooperation of nations. The science and technology already exists and it is simply a matter of joining these elements into one working system as is intended by the Aqua-Terra project.
Building a prototype in this case is futile since the design of this system is for a global arena and not just a region. Additionally, realize that the basic science of vacuum and levitation already exists. However, it has not been put together in this way.
Therefore, the completion of the R&D, lasting approximately 2-3 years, will be very instrumental in determining the detail of the science, materials, technology, and all aspects of the system needed to be addressed. In that regard, we are inviting any and all nations, companies, and persons working on technology that might be complimentary to aspects of this project to join in. Those who are interested and have a contribution to make, please contact FOSAAC to be considered and informed.

Biplab: You are talking about making our shipping system completely obsolete. Will they not lobby against you and this project in the Government? Or do you think they will be partnering with you?
Yon: In regards to making the shipping industry obsolete, the answer is no. All shipping companies are invited to join in and participate as they should choose. Please understand that this project does not wish to or intends to put anyone out of business and in particular the shipping industry.
The only thing that will change for them is the method used to transport cargo from their slow, costly, and environmentally damaging ships to the new Aqua-Terra hyper-speed cylinder / capsules that they will be able to lease for 99 years or purchase.
The benefits to shippers includes lower cost in operations because of the safety of the Aqua-Terra system bringing lower insurance premiums which is a major factor of shipping costs in today’s arena and because of no more risk of cargo falling overboard or being damaged by climate conditions, or hijacked by pirates.

Thus, with these benefits, we would think that the shipping industry would be very supportive and invest heavily into this transport system which clearly will eventually be their industry’s next generation of transport methodology to replace the currently slow and damaging systems.
In short, we welcome everyone's participation and in particular the shipping industry who will most greatly be affected and benefit from this Aqua-Terra project.

Biplab: This project can employ tens of millions of people and provides a transport system that will revolutionize the whole world. It's amazing to be able to have breakfast in New York and then lunch in Delhi. What is your message to respective Government?

Yon: Yes, it is true that this project, as is said in economics, is a global demand generating vehicle that will actually create and employ millions of persons for hundreds if not one thousand years or so.
By constructing the Aqua and Terra stations simultaneously in many nations, all participating nations will economically benefit almost immediately and directly from the labor needs of the Aqua-Terra project and more so when the entire system is completed and needs to be maintained.
Also realize that after the completion of the oceanic Aqua Station system and connecting Terra stations on the coastlines of many nations, more Terra stations will be constructed within the land masses as is illustrated by the drawing following the patent schematics at the Aqua-Terra invention web site.

As you will notice, the entire continental land-mass of India, Africa, USA, China, will be united internally with no need to build long-distance roads as already exists with the so called first world nations. Other continents like Australia will also be united by this Aqua-Terra system when they choose.
It is not practical to build roads to cover the land mass in these huge areas. But a hyper-speed system will create a network web that unites the subject nation while connecting to all regions of global society via the Aqua-Terra system. Do realize that the construction of the internal Terra station on the land masses will further provide mass employment and economic prosperity for a very long time.
It is also true, as you say, that this project will revolutionize not only how we transport cargo and persons, but will also provide us with a beginning of economic prosperity for the international community for a very long time and with no nation left behind.
These Aqua and Terra stations will also provide us all with a safety net in case of a cataclysmic event on the physical Earth that is beyond our control like climate changes that cause oceanic waters to rise, drought, famine or asteroid/meteor like object that may penetrate our atmosphere and strike the Earth’s surface causing great damage and loss of life as has occurred and documented in the historical past of our planet.
At this time, we do not have such a safety net to protect us and assure our Human continuation in case of such a cataclysmic event which, as stated previously, has occurred in our recent and ancient past. To begin such a project after a cataclysm is not likely to occur since the damage to the Earth and people may be beyond repair.
On the other hand, when we complete the Aqua-Terra system, we will no longer be subject to climate changes, drought, famine or anything alike since water, food, shelter, and all will be created and provided by the Aqua and Terra stations to be transported almost immediately to any region of the planet where people may need assistance.
It is also true that at the speeds anticipated by this Aqua-Terra transport system, cargo and persons will be able to literally time travel on the physical Earth plane whereby they may leave Los Angeles and arrive in New York say in 21 minutes for a breakfast meeting and reach Delhi or China for lunch (tomorrow’s date) and return to Los Angeles in the same day for dinner, or, travel the other way (west) first, thus getting home before tomorrow. This will clearly make the world appear much smaller and more united.
The message to governments is to join in as soon as possible with their written commitment to participate. A declaration from the UN would also be of great assistance since this is the only collective representing the people for all nations.
We all know that the UN has had limited power, if any, but has served us all as a forum for discussions in the interest of keeping peace in the world and attending to needy nations. With Aqua-Terra, there will eventually be no needy nations and all of us will prosper together and in the interest of the collective humanity.

Biplab: Building this Aqua-Terra transport system within the oceanic system with its stations across the globe and tube-links below the surface may endanger marine life and possibly the environment, especially if the waste is not managed properly. I saw your patent had extensive ideas of how to recycle these waste almost in similar fashion of space station. Can you please speak brief on this?

Yon: Of course. Do understand that this Aqua-Terra transport system is not a train tunnel deep in the oceans but in fact is a sub-surface floating system. For example, the upper portion of the seven (7) mile in diameter Aqua station is above the surface and the cone like bottom reaches to 800 feet below the surface.
These Aqua stations are in fact mini-cities that float while creating a great deal of real estate to develop much of which is discussed at the Aqua-Terra web site. The structure and nature of the Aqua and Terra stations is to be entirely self-sufficient, independent and extremely environmentally friendly.
One of the considerations of this project is to assure that all life, including marine life, is respected and protected.
In that regard, each Aqua station is surrounded by a two mile perimeter also called the ‘catch’ and netting complex around and beneath the Aqua stations that will keep marine life out of harms way and away from station activities while allowing the station’s occupants to safely enjoy the environment and all amenities created by this planetary transport project.
Additionally and as you mentioned, the Aqua-Terra system is designed to recycle all waste for re-use in some way. There will be no pollution of the seas at any time. In fact, there will be no more taking from our Earth since all things will be produced and distributed on and from these stations to include water, food, clothing, etc. when needed and for trade.
The environment is the first and primary consideration to all things done since all of our livelihoods may depend on it, at some time in the future.
So, in conclusion, for now, it is greatly appreciated that the opportunity has been given to provide you all with this information. We are certainly aware that some objections may come to this Aqua-Terra project from those wishing to maintain there position and power in this world.
However, it appears that as of today, we have all reached a point in our economic and social evolution that will require us to cooperate with each other to achieve a greater economic and prosperous society and most importantly, secure our humanity’s future because there is no one who will do this for us, we must to it for ourselves and for those who come after us.
When continents and leaders of nations from India, Asia, Africa, Europe, USA and all others realize that in fact we all occupy the same time and space and have more in common then not, perhaps then many of us, if not all, will act as a united people rather then separate from each other and all that is.
Thus, all are invited to join-in to this Aqua-Terra project. I would like to also take this opportunity to wish you all good health and prosperity for all this life time. Look forward to any questions or comments.
And again, thank you all for sharing your day and time with us today.